By: Kara Mae Adamo
There has always been something so fantastic about the idea of blending wines. When I think about it, I get this picture in my head of a mad-vino-scientist with purple wine stains all over his lab coat, hovering over two test-tube-like decanters.
And, truthfully, the visual is more accurate than you’d think. While, in essence, blending wines together to form new ones is just a matter of mixing them, there is a touch of science to it. You can use blending to enhance the aroma of your wine, improve its color, add or minimize the flavors and tastes, or to adjust the sweetness. You can lower or raise the acidity, alcohol levels, Ph levels and amount of tannin…or even correct a wine with too much oak in it.
Think of blending as a way of refining the creative process: of personalizing that which you’ve created. It’s a wonderful creative tool…but it can also go horribly awry. When blending, it is important to have a fundamental understanding of the things that are affected by mixing wines together.
My first recommendation when it comes to blending is to get to know the wine that you’re starting out with. Start with its color and clarity. Is there a bit too much sediment? Is it sweet, or is it too dry? Do you like the color? Then take a whiff: evaluate the bouquet. Does it smell too acidic or sweet? Is there enough fruit on the nose? Do you like the floral or tobacco touches? And then, of course, how does it taste? Is it balanced? Do the flavors blend well together? How does it finish? Is there too much alcohol or is it weak? This will help you set up a specific goal and reason for blending instead of just going into it blindly.
Weigh out the pros and cons. This is your decision-making time. Pay attention to the good things about your wine, too. Understand that if you adjust the Ph levels, you’re also adjusting the residual sugar, the alcohol content, the acidity, etc. While there is a bit of elementary math that forms the framework for successful blending, it’s important to realize that it all comes down to taste. You have to decide how much of one thing you’re willing to sacrifice for another.
Now that you’ve decided you do have specific things you want to fix, keep in mind that the rule of thumb is to blend like-wines with like-wines. For instance, a heavy red like a cab should be blended with another heavy red like a merlot or syrah. Don’t blend a red with a Reisling. You might luck out, but chances are you’ll just end up with something really disappointing.
Now for The Pearson Square.
A side note for those of you who are fellow math-o-phobics: I’m not a math person, so rest-assured that if there was an insane amount of complicated math involved in the blending process, I’d drop my decanters on the ground and run screaming from the room. For this process, you really just have to be able to subtract successfully…and even if you can’t do that, your smart phone can.
The Pearson Square looks like this:
Now, say you have made a Cabernet (A) that has 15% alcohol and you have another Cabernet (C) that has 11% alcohol. You want to have a Cabernet (X) that has 12% alcohol.
Seeing as we all know blending is simply the process of combining the two Cabs together to create a new one, we know that all you have to do now is pour one into the other. But how much of Cab “A” do you add to how much of Cab “B”?
Simple. You subtract the goal (12%) from Cab “A” (15%) to equal “D” (which is the amount of Cab “B” you’ll need). The answer, of course, is 3. So you’ll need 3 parts of Cabernet “B”.
Then you find the difference between Cab “B” and the goal (which in this case is 1) and you’ll get the answer to “C” (which is now much of Cab “A” you’ll need).
So you’ll need 1 part Cab “A” and three parts Cab “B” to get a wine that has an alcohol content of 12%.
You can use this formula for all other aspects that you are trying to change. Keep notes while you’re doing this and test it out with friends to see what they think (I’m sure you won’t find it hard to find willing participants). Remember to test only small amounts of wine at first until you reach a blend you really like. After that, wait at least a day to allow your palate to relax and recoup. Then, re-taste it. The sober standpoint will help you make a decision.
Ultimately, as I said before, it all depends on what you think tastes good. Feel free to make Pinot Noir and Merlot and Cab/Shiraz and then just mix them together. Keep with the formula so that you have a guideline, but don’t be afraid to add and subtract. It’s chemistry, but it’s only wine. No test tubes will overheat or bubble over or explode. You don’t even need safety goggles for this (though you might want to keep a little food handy). Have fun with it.
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